1.The river smells terrible.People must ______ dirty things

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1.The river smells terrible.People must ______ dirty things into it .
A be stopped from throwing
B stop from throwing
2.He doesn't like to talk and won't speak unless _____ politely
A speak to
B spoken
C speak
D spoken to

1. A
翻译：这条河闻起来很臭.人们必须被禁止把脏东西扔进它里面去.
解释：固定短语stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”,变成被动即：sb be stopped from doing sth了.
此处的sb即people,而doing sth即throwing dirty things into it.
如果选B,则stop后面没有宾语.
2. D
翻译：他不喜欢交谈,如果没有被人礼貌说话,他就不会说.
解释：unless = if not“如果不”,而根据状语从句的省略语法（如果状语从句的主语和主句主语相同,且从句的谓语动词以be动词开始时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词）,则从句变化为：unless spoken to politely
= unless (he is) spoken to politely
= if (he is not) spoken to politely
而he is not spoken to politely为sb speak/speaks to him politely的被动结构,注意此时的介词to不能省略.

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