英语翻译1The nutritional history of an organism is often difficu

英语翻译
1
The nutritional history of an organism is often difficult to ascertain.Nonetheless,this information on past diet can be particularly important when explaining the role of nutrition in physiological responses and ecological dynamics.One approach to infer the past dietary history of an individual is through characterization of its nutritional phenotype,an interrelated set of molecular and physiological properties that are sensitive to dietary stress.Comparisons of nutritional phenotypes between a study organism and reference phenotypes have the potential to provide insight into the type and intensity of past dietary constraints.Here,we describe this process of nutritional profiling for ecophysiological research in which a suite of molecular and physiological responses are cataloged for animals experiencing known types and intensities of dietary stress and are quantitatively compared with those of unknown individuals.We supplement this delineation of the process of nutritional profiling with a first-order analysis of its sensitivity to the number of response variables in the reference database,their responsiveness to diet,and the size of reference populations.In doing so,we demonstrate the considerable promise this approach has to transform future studies of nutrition by its ability to provide more and better information on responses to dietary stress in animals and their populations.

一种生物体的营养历史是往往很难确定.然而,这些信息对过去的饮食显得尤其重要,尤其在解释营养作用的生理反应和生态动力学方面.推断一个人过去的膳食史的方法之一是通过其营养表型表征,相互关联的分子性质,和饮食应力敏感的生理特性.通过比较研究生物和参考的表型的营养表征可能洞察过去的饮食类型和过去饮食的约束强度.这里,我们描述了生态生理学研究的营养分析,其中一套分子和生理反应被编目为动物经历已知类型和膳食应力强度,并与未知的个体的定量比较的过程.我们补充这种划分的营养谱的描述的通过其灵敏度的一阶分析来获取参考数据库中的响应变量的数目,他们饮食的反应,和参考群体的大小.在这一过程中,我们论证了这种方法有相当大希望去改变未来的营养学,它能够对膳食动物应激反应及其人口,能够提供更多,更好的信息.