英语语法：scientists have examined the benefits of a ...

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英语语法：scientists have examined the benefits of a ...
Scientists have examined the benefits of a concerted effort to study and practice music,as opposed to playing aMozart CD or a computer-based“brain fitness” game once in a while.
请不要翻译这个句子,只是想请问下三个语法问题:
1 as opposed to分开理解的话,as是作句子什么成分?opposed又是什么成分?to xxx呢?
2 to 后面为什么是ing形式动词?
3 可见这个逗号即使没有也没什么关系,请问这里的逗号是什么用法,起什么作用?

1 as opposed to分开理解的话,as 连词 opposed是过去分词这是带连词的过去分词短语作状语与句子主语是主表关系相当于一个状语从句 = as they are opposed to...
to xxx是过去分词的状语
2 to 后面是ing形式即动名词作介词宾语因为这里to 是介词 .be opposed to doing sth反对做某事
3 分词短语作状语应该有逗号.
再问：这个是以前讨论过的，状语从句中主语和主句一直，可以省略主语和系动词，这个情况么
再答：状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致的情况下可以用分词短语代替状语从句本句是带连词的过去分词作状语整个句子属于简单句带连词的目的是为了表明是什么状语有人认为这是省略的状语从句但省略的是 they are 而不是 it is

英语语法：scientists have examined the benefits of a ... 英语翻译Background Few studies have examined the properties of h the benefits of getting a good edtcation the benefits of automobiles Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people Scientists have learnt a grate deal about the kinds of food 一道单选题Scientists have made a great ______ in the treatment of ___ research ___ the universe scientists have put a lot of i 英语翻译Scientists have learned a great deal about the kinds of 英语翻译Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food pe ____ scientists have done a lot of researth on the (H1H1) fl Scientists have given a warning to reduce the amount of lead