搜搜考试网英语语法大全txt能复制粘贴的
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英语语法大全txt能复制粘贴的
英语的语法不太好,希望加强巩固一下,字要多一点的,我在此先谢谢了!
英语的语法不太好,希望加强巩固一下,字要多一点的,我在此先谢谢了!
第一讲：名词性从句
\x09有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末.主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式.常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句\x09\x09\x09\x09\x09（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句\x09\x09（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有：\x09It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2. 宾语从句
\x09名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语.1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
\x09由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省.例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. \x09\x09他已经告诉我他明天要去上海.We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
\x09我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好.注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”.例如：I insist that she (should) do her work alone. \x09\x09我坚持要她自己工作.The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. \x09司令员命令部队马上出发.2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序.
例如：\x09I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么. She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好.She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持.3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序.此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if：a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时.
例如：\x09Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
\x09月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱.4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态.
例如：\x09he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
\x09当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外）,从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态.
例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． 5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式.即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中.
例如：\x09We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这.I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做.3. 表语从句
\x09在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导.其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句.例如：The fact is that we have lost the game. \x09\x09\x09事实是我们已经输了这场比赛. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. \x09那就是他为什么不到会的原因.It looks as if it is going to rain. \x09\x09\x09\x09看上去天要下雨了.需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because.例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning
4. 同位语从句
\x09同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容.同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等.例如：The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动.I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
\x09that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略. 试比较下面两个例句: I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句,不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）
第二讲：虚拟语气
★★★虚拟语气在条件句中的用法列表如下： 相关时态 主句形式 从句形式 例句 与现在事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 过去式（be动词各人称都用were） If I were you, I should \would make full use of my time to study. 与过去事实相反 Should\would\could\might+have done（动词过去分词） Had+done(过去分词) If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 与将来事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 1. 过去式（be动词各人称都用were） 2. should+动词原形 3. were to +动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved. ★★★注意四个情态动词的用法： 1. 若表示在某一假设的条件下,必然而然就会发生某事,第一人称可用should或would, 而二、三人称只用would. 2. 若表示在某一假设条件下就能够干某事,各人称都用could. 3. 如果表示在某种假设条件下有可能会发生某事,各人称都用might. 常见的两种错综虚拟语气： 1．从句与过去事实相反相成,而主句与现在事实相反.例如： If you had not been strict with me when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.如果我年轻时你没有对我严格要求的话,我现在就不可能是这么成功的一个人.（这种虚拟语气的特点是主句中常含有时间准状语now 或nowadays） 2. Should anyone come and ask for me, tell them I will come back tomorrow.万一有人来找我,告诉他们我明天回来.（主句为祈使句,条件句与将来事实相反,表示说话人认为某件事情发生的可能性很小.） ★★★过去的计划打算愿望等未曾实现时的虚拟语气 1. 表过去愿望未曾实现时,常用would like to have done sth. 或would have liked to do sth.(前者常用) I would like to have gone to the celebration, but I couldn’t get away. 我本来想参加庆祝会,但未能脱开身. 2. 表示过去本来该干某事但没有干时,用should\ought to have done sth. 若表示本来不该干但却干了某事时,用should not\ought not to have done sth. The criminal should have told the truth, but he refused to. 那罪犯本来应该说出实情,但他不肯说. 3. 表示过去本来有能力干某事,但未能干成时用could have done sth. I could have lent you the money, but you did not turn to me for help. 我本来能借给你那笔钱,但你没有向我求助. 4. 表示过去本来有可能干某事,但未能干成时用might have done sth. You might have been chosen, but you gave up the chance. 你本来有可能被选上的,但你放弃了那个机会. 5. 表示过去本来愿意干某事,但未能干成时用would have done sth. The cook would have helped you, but his wife stopped him. 那厨师本来愿意帮助你,但他妻子制止了他. 6. hope, want, expect, plan等动词表示过去愿望、计划、打算等未曾实现时,把谓语动词用成过去完成时或把它们后面的不定式用成完成式. I had hoped to become a poet, but I turned teacher instead. 我本希望当个诗人,但我却当了老师. I hoped to have become a poet, but I turned teacher instead. My playmate hoped to have entered a key university last year, but his wish didn’t come true. 我的伙伴本打算进入一个重点大学,但他的梦想没能实现. 7. be to do sth.句型表示过去计划安排未曾实现时,用was\ were to have done sth结构. The European tourists were to have arrived by ten, but they were caught in a shower and delayed. 那些欧洲的游客本来10点到达,但他们遇上了阵雨,被推迟了. The building was to have been completed by the end of last month, but the plan failed. 这栋楼本来计划上个月底建完,但计划失败了. （二）宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型 1、I wish后的宾语从句 （ 略） We wish he didn’t smoke. 我们希望他不吸烟. I wish prices would come down. 我希望物价能降下来. I wish the train would come. 我希望火车会来. 2、表示“坚持”后的宾语从句 主要是指insist的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下. He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去. Rose insisted that he be present. 罗斯坚持要他出席. The detective insisted that he should have a look. 警探坚持要查看. 注意：动词insist后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气.比较： He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信. He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信. 3、表示“命令”后的宾语从句 主要是指order, command的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去. Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded. 法官命令被告还押. The King ordered that the man be released. 国王命令释放那人. He commanded that we (should) attack at once. 他命令我们立即发起进攻. 4、表示“建议”后的宾语从句 主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点动身. The doctor advised that he change his job. 医生劝他换工作. They recommend that this tax be abolished. 他们建议取消这种税. I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now. 我建议我们现在就吃午饭. The committee proposed (that) Mr. Day be elected. 委员会建议推选戴先生. The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟. I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once. 我提议对此问题立刻进行表决. He proposed that Mr. O’Leary be the chairman. 他提议奥列利先生担任主席. She suggested that I (should) be responsible for the arrangements. 她建议我来负责进行安排. 注意：与动词insist相似,动词suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别也是：若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气,此时suggest通常译为“建议”；若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实,则要用陈述语气,此时的suggest通常译为“表明”、“认为”.比较并体会： He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭. What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子. I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我觉得你与他心照不宣. 5、表示“要求”后的宾语从句 9、表示“希望”“打算”后的宾语从句 主要是指动词desire, intend后的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美语中通常省略. She desires that he do it. 她希望他做此事. They intended that the news (should) be suppressed. 他们打算封锁这条消息. I desire the patient should have a bath every day. 我希望病人每天洗澡. 10、表示“指示”后的宾语从句 主要是指动词direct后的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略. The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 将军指示释放那些俘虏. （三）表语从句和同位语从句 有些名词引起的表语从句或同位语从句中,谓语动词须用动词原形或should ＋do的形式. 这些名词包括： advice（忠告）、 decision（决定）、 demand（要求）、 desire（渴望）、 idea（想法）、 motion（提议）、 necessity（必要性）、 order（命令）、 plan（计划）、 preference（偏爱）、 proposal（建议）、 recommendation（推荐）、requirement（要求）、suggestion（建议）等. 例句13：His proposal is that we turn off TVfor half an hour every day．他建议我们每天少看半个小时的电视. 特别提示：从以上的各类从句中我们可以得到以下的推论,即当一个动词后面的宾语从句中要使用（should）＋do的虚拟语气形式时,则可推理出用法相同的一组从句.以动词advise为例： （1）I advise that we stay and wait here．（动词后的宾语从句） （2）It is advised that we stay here．（It is ＋动词的过去分词＋that引导的主语从句） （3）It is advisable that we stay here．（It is ＋由该动词转换的形容词＋that引导的主语从句） （4）My advice is that we stay here．（由该动词转换的名词后的表语从句） （5）I offered the advice that we stay here．（由该动词转换的名词后的同位语从句） （6）I think it advisable that we stay here．（由该动词转换的形容词作宾语补足语,t为形式宾语,真正的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气） 以上六类从句中所使用的都为（should）＋do的虚拟语气形式. ★★★wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气 一． Wish本身为现在时,后面得宾语从句如果与现在存在状态相反的愿望,从句中谓语动词采用过去时或过去进行时,遇到be动词时各人称都用were. 二． Wish本身为过去时,后面得宾语从句如果与过去存在状态相反,从句中谓语动词采用过去时,遇到be动词时各人称都用were. 三． 凡发生在谓语（wish）以前的动作,从句中的虚拟语气谓语的结构形式是过去完成时, 即had+动词过去分词或would \ could + have done. 四． 凡发生在谓语（wish）以后的动作,从句中的虚拟语气谓语的结构形式是过去将来时,即（would +动词原形）,如果用到情态动词can,各人称都用could. 五． I wish + 从句的结构还可以转换成if only+ 从句结构.If only后也要采用虚拟语气,其构成及意思与I wish + 从句完全一样.
\x09有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末.主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式.常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句\x09\x09\x09\x09\x09（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句\x09\x09（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有：\x09It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2. 宾语从句
\x09名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语.1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
\x09由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省.例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. \x09\x09他已经告诉我他明天要去上海.We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
\x09我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好.注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”.例如：I insist that she (should) do her work alone. \x09\x09我坚持要她自己工作.The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. \x09司令员命令部队马上出发.2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序.
例如：\x09I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么. She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好.She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持.3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序.此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if：a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时.
例如：\x09Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
\x09月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱.4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态.
例如：\x09he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
\x09当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外）,从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态.
例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． 5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式.即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中.
例如：\x09We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这.I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做.3. 表语从句
\x09在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导.其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句.例如：The fact is that we have lost the game. \x09\x09\x09事实是我们已经输了这场比赛. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. \x09那就是他为什么不到会的原因.It looks as if it is going to rain. \x09\x09\x09\x09看上去天要下雨了.需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because.例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning
4. 同位语从句
\x09同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容.同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等.例如：The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动.I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
\x09that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略. 试比较下面两个例句: I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句,不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）
第二讲：虚拟语气
★★★虚拟语气在条件句中的用法列表如下： 相关时态 主句形式 从句形式 例句 与现在事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 过去式（be动词各人称都用were） If I were you, I should \would make full use of my time to study. 与过去事实相反 Should\would\could\might+have done（动词过去分词） Had+done(过去分词) If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 与将来事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 1. 过去式（be动词各人称都用were） 2. should+动词原形 3. were to +动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved. ★★★注意四个情态动词的用法： 1. 若表示在某一假设的条件下,必然而然就会发生某事,第一人称可用should或would, 而二、三人称只用would. 2. 若表示在某一假设条件下就能够干某事,各人称都用could. 3. 如果表示在某种假设条件下有可能会发生某事,各人称都用might. 常见的两种错综虚拟语气： 1．从句与过去事实相反相成,而主句与现在事实相反.例如： If you had not been strict with me when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.如果我年轻时你没有对我严格要求的话,我现在就不可能是这么成功的一个人.（这种虚拟语气的特点是主句中常含有时间准状语now 或nowadays） 2. Should anyone come and ask for me, tell them I will come back tomorrow.万一有人来找我,告诉他们我明天回来.（主句为祈使句,条件句与将来事实相反,表示说话人认为某件事情发生的可能性很小.） ★★★过去的计划打算愿望等未曾实现时的虚拟语气 1. 表过去愿望未曾实现时,常用would like to have done sth. 或would have liked to do sth.(前者常用) I would like to have gone to the celebration, but I couldn’t get away. 我本来想参加庆祝会,但未能脱开身. 2. 表示过去本来该干某事但没有干时,用should\ought to have done sth. 若表示本来不该干但却干了某事时,用should not\ought not to have done sth. The criminal should have told the truth, but he refused to. 那罪犯本来应该说出实情,但他不肯说. 3. 表示过去本来有能力干某事,但未能干成时用could have done sth. I could have lent you the money, but you did not turn to me for help. 我本来能借给你那笔钱,但你没有向我求助. 4. 表示过去本来有可能干某事,但未能干成时用might have done sth. You might have been chosen, but you gave up the chance. 你本来有可能被选上的,但你放弃了那个机会. 5. 表示过去本来愿意干某事,但未能干成时用would have done sth. The cook would have helped you, but his wife stopped him. 那厨师本来愿意帮助你,但他妻子制止了他. 6. hope, want, expect, plan等动词表示过去愿望、计划、打算等未曾实现时,把谓语动词用成过去完成时或把它们后面的不定式用成完成式. I had hoped to become a poet, but I turned teacher instead. 我本希望当个诗人,但我却当了老师. I hoped to have become a poet, but I turned teacher instead. My playmate hoped to have entered a key university last year, but his wish didn’t come true. 我的伙伴本打算进入一个重点大学,但他的梦想没能实现. 7. be to do sth.句型表示过去计划安排未曾实现时,用was\ were to have done sth结构. The European tourists were to have arrived by ten, but they were caught in a shower and delayed. 那些欧洲的游客本来10点到达,但他们遇上了阵雨,被推迟了. The building was to have been completed by the end of last month, but the plan failed. 这栋楼本来计划上个月底建完,但计划失败了. （二）宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型 1、I wish后的宾语从句 （ 略） We wish he didn’t smoke. 我们希望他不吸烟. I wish prices would come down. 我希望物价能降下来. I wish the train would come. 我希望火车会来. 2、表示“坚持”后的宾语从句 主要是指insist的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下. He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去. Rose insisted that he be present. 罗斯坚持要他出席. The detective insisted that he should have a look. 警探坚持要查看. 注意：动词insist后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气.比较： He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信. He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信. 3、表示“命令”后的宾语从句 主要是指order, command的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去. Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded. 法官命令被告还押. The King ordered that the man be released. 国王命令释放那人. He commanded that we (should) attack at once. 他命令我们立即发起进攻. 4、表示“建议”后的宾语从句 主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommend等的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略.如： He suggested that we should leave early. 他建议我们早点动身. The doctor advised that he change his job. 医生劝他换工作. They recommend that this tax be abolished. 他们建议取消这种税. I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now. 我建议我们现在就吃午饭. The committee proposed (that) Mr. Day be elected. 委员会建议推选戴先生. The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟. I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once. 我提议对此问题立刻进行表决. He proposed that Mr. O’Leary be the chairman. 他提议奥列利先生担任主席. She suggested that I (should) be responsible for the arrangements. 她建议我来负责进行安排. 注意：与动词insist相似,动词suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别也是：若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气,此时suggest通常译为“建议”；若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实,则要用陈述语气,此时的suggest通常译为“表明”、“认为”.比较并体会： He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭. What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子. I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我觉得你与他心照不宣. 5、表示“要求”后的宾语从句 9、表示“希望”“打算”后的宾语从句 主要是指动词desire, intend后的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美语中通常省略. She desires that he do it. 她希望他做此事. They intended that the news (should) be suppressed. 他们打算封锁这条消息. I desire the patient should have a bath every day. 我希望病人每天洗澡. 10、表示“指示”后的宾语从句 主要是指动词direct后的宾语从句,从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略. The general directed that the prisoners should be set free. 将军指示释放那些俘虏. （三）表语从句和同位语从句 有些名词引起的表语从句或同位语从句中,谓语动词须用动词原形或should ＋do的形式. 这些名词包括： advice（忠告）、 decision（决定）、 demand（要求）、 desire（渴望）、 idea（想法）、 motion（提议）、 necessity（必要性）、 order（命令）、 plan（计划）、 preference（偏爱）、 proposal（建议）、 recommendation（推荐）、requirement（要求）、suggestion（建议）等. 例句13：His proposal is that we turn off TVfor half an hour every day．他建议我们每天少看半个小时的电视. 特别提示：从以上的各类从句中我们可以得到以下的推论,即当一个动词后面的宾语从句中要使用（should）＋do的虚拟语气形式时,则可推理出用法相同的一组从句.以动词advise为例： （1）I advise that we stay and wait here．（动词后的宾语从句） （2）It is advised that we stay here．（It is ＋动词的过去分词＋that引导的主语从句） （3）It is advisable that we stay here．（It is ＋由该动词转换的形容词＋that引导的主语从句） （4）My advice is that we stay here．（由该动词转换的名词后的表语从句） （5）I offered the advice that we stay here．（由该动词转换的名词后的同位语从句） （6）I think it advisable that we stay here．（由该动词转换的形容词作宾语补足语,t为形式宾语,真正的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气） 以上六类从句中所使用的都为（should）＋do的虚拟语气形式. ★★★wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气 一． Wish本身为现在时,后面得宾语从句如果与现在存在状态相反的愿望,从句中谓语动词采用过去时或过去进行时,遇到be动词时各人称都用were. 二． Wish本身为过去时,后面得宾语从句如果与过去存在状态相反,从句中谓语动词采用过去时,遇到be动词时各人称都用were. 三． 凡发生在谓语（wish）以前的动作,从句中的虚拟语气谓语的结构形式是过去完成时, 即had+动词过去分词或would \ could + have done. 四． 凡发生在谓语（wish）以后的动作,从句中的虚拟语气谓语的结构形式是过去将来时,即（would +动词原形）,如果用到情态动词can,各人称都用could. 五． I wish + 从句的结构还可以转换成if only+ 从句结构.If only后也要采用虚拟语气,其构成及意思与I wish + 从句完全一样.