My father is a smart man. He spent many years of his life li
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My father is a smart man. He spent many years of his life listening to people’s arguments, first as assistant district lawyer and then as a judge. My dad knows rubbish rhetoric when he hears it. One of his favorite phrases is: “If you don’t have anything smart to say, then don’t say it at all.” Yet, for all of his legal training and life experience, he can’t help but keep talking about the Mega Millions jackpot. We all know the odds(几率)of winning the jackpot this evening with one ticket are extraordinarily low ... 1 in 175, 711, 536, to be exact. Still, people go out and buy hundreds of tickets with the hopes of becoming wealthier beyond their dreams. Why? There are two possible explanations for this “irrationality”(不理智). One idea is that the way we calculate odds in our heads has nothing to do with mathematical odds in the traditional sense. We don’t go to the mathematical odds table and say, “Well, this would be a terrible investment. I think I’m better off putting my money in the bank!” Rather, it has everything with the ability to picture an event happening. My father, for instance, watches the news every night and sees people winning the lottery(彩票). Therefore, he thinks the chance of him winning the lottery is much higher than they actually are. The second thought is that the expected effect of playing cannot be represented merely by the odds. My father and, I’m sure, others get a thrill from the mere idea of winning. He loves imagining what it would be like to actually win and losing doesn’t really affect him. Sure, he’s disappointed, but it’s “better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.” When you combine the utility of thinking you can win with the utility of actually winning (no matter how small the chance of that occurring), it’s worth it for many people to spend the one dollar on a ticket. My analysis is that both factors are at play in taking a chance on the lottery. My father and others really do underestimate the odds of winning, but the thrill of participation is not denied by a realistic assessment of the odds. Still, I would probably put my finger on the scale for the first explanation. All told, a review of the odds of other events happening confirms that there just aren’t many events that occur with less frequency than your winning the Mega Millions jackpot. Look at the graph below, you may understand some: In many ways, it’s like the lottery, something that features often on television and about which people fantasize, but that rarely happens. So, when you watch, along with my Pa, to see if your lucky number is drawn this evening, keep in mind three things: that your number almost certainly won’t come up; that you are still going to have fun; and that, finally, a lot of other things are more likely to happen—but getting eaten by a shark isn’t one of them. 小题1:It can be learned from the article that ________.
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小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:C
文章讲述的是彩票的流行和彩票中奖几率虽然很低,但是很多人还是愿意买。
小题1:推理判断题,根据第三段可知,虽然中奖的几率非常低,但是还有很多人去买。
小题2:该表格是为了说明作者的观点而放置的。
小题3:推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,这种彩票在作者的国家非常的流行,包括他父亲在内的很多人都去买。
小题4:猜测词义题,根据两种解释的内容可知,是很有效的,因为他的父亲就很愿意去买。
小题5:主旨大意题。文章讲述的Mega Million 中奖的几率低,类似于被鲨鱼袭击的几率。
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