英语翻译Still cool after all these yearsAn early invention by Al

英语翻译
Still cool after all these years
An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University.They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.
We all know that modem fridges cause damage to the environment.They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon,which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide .
Now Malcolm McCulloch,an electrical engineer at Oxford,is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.
His team has completed a prototype of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein.It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold.The design was partly used in the first refrigerators,but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors became popular in the 1950s.That meant a switch to using Freon.
Einstein’s idea uses butane and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures ,when the air pressure around them is lower.
“If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma ,water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you’re at sea level and that’s because the pressure is much lower up there”,said McCulloch.
At one side is the evaporator,a bottle that contains liquid butane.“If you introduce a new vapor above the butane,the liquid boiling temperature decreases and,as it boils off,it takes energy from the surroundings to do so,” says McCulloch.“That’s what makes it cold.”
The gas fridges based on Einstein’s design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein’s design was not very efficient.But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple the efficiency.
However,McCulloch’s fridge is still in its early stages.“It’s very much a prototypes”,he said.“Give us another month and we’ll have it working.”
尽快翻译,要准确的,限11月30日之前
要通顺的

时至今日依旧风行
一个爱因斯坦早期的发明现在已被牛津大学的科学家们重新制造出来.他们试图研发一种不需要电就可以运转的环保冰箱.众所周知,电冰箱能够使环境遭到破坏.电冰箱是靠一种人造的温室气体氟利昂工作的,氟利昂的危害性要比二氧化碳的危害性大得多.
现在一位牛津大学的电气工程师Malcolm McCulloch正在领导一个计划三年的项目,来研发一种不需要电就可以工作的装置.
他的小组在爱因斯坦的领导下完成了电冰箱原型并于1930年获得专利.此原型是靠压缩气体来保持物体冷却的.这项设计被部分的用于第一台电冰箱上,但是这项技术在1950年由于更为高效的压缩机的流行而终止.这就意味着转向使用氟利昂.
爱因斯坦的意图是利用丁烷和水,当它们周围空气压力低的情况下,利用液体能在较低温度下沸腾这一事实.
McCulloch说“当你上到珠穆朗玛峰顶时,水能够比你在海平面时,在温度低得多的情况下沸腾,这是因为珠穆朗玛峰的气压非常低的缘故”
另一方面就是蒸发器,一个装液态丁烷的瓶子.“当你把新的水蒸气导入到丁烷上方,丁烷的沸点降低了,当它沸腾的时候,它就把周围的能量带走了.”McCulloch说,“这就是怎样使物体冷却的”
氟利昂压缩机电冰箱取代了爱因斯坦设计的气体冰箱部分原因是因为爱因斯坦设计的冰箱效率不高.但是McCulloch认为通过改变一下设计和替换这些气体,冰箱的效率将会提高四倍.
然而,McCulloch的冰箱还处于起步阶段.“这仅仅是一个原型”,他说,“再给我们一个月的时间我们就会让它开始工作.”
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