英语翻译1.Tunnel diode——a semiconductor diode,discovered in 1957

英语翻译
1.Tunnel diode——a semiconductor diode,discovered in 1957 by L.Esaki,based on the tunnel effect.It consists of a highly doped p-n semiconductor junction,which short circuits with negative bias(偏压) and has negative resistance over part of its range when forward biased.Its fast speed of operation makes it a useful device in many electronic fields.In a tunnel diode the shape of the characteristic for current and voltage is affected sharply by the tunnel effect,with a large tunnelling current associated with tunneling from the valence band to the conduction band.As the forward bias on the junction is increased the tunnel effect becomes less and less pronounced.
2.Tunnel effect——an effect in which electrons are able to tunnel through a narrow potential barrier that would constitute a forbidden region if the electrons were treated as classical particles.That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics.The effect is made use of in the tunnel diode.
3.That there is a finite probability of an electron tunnelling from one classically allowed region to another arises as a consequence of quantum mechanics.这句话中的主要谓语是哪一个?

1 隧道二极管-一种半导体二极管,是由L.伊萨吉基于隧道效应于1957年发现的.它是由重掺杂p_n半导体结组成,p_n 结会由于负偏压而短路,并且当加正向偏压时,在其适用范围它具有负电阻.其快的运行速度,致使它在许多电子领域成为一种有用的装置.在隧道二极管中,电流和电压特性波的形状,因为与从《价带〉到《导带〉隧道有关的大的隧道电流,会显著地受隧道效应的影响.由于在(p_n)结上的正向偏压的增加,隧道效应就变成越来越不显著.
2 隧道效应-一种效应,其中的电子能够通过窄势垒的隧道,如果这些电子被处理成典型的粒子,势垒会形成一禁区.那么,由于量子机制的缘故,从一个典型的容许区到另一区,电子隧道的有限概率就会提高.这个效应就被用来做隧道二极管.
3 there is 引导的a finite probability = 逻辑主语；arises = 谓语