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英文when和while有何区别,since、for、as、because使用上的区别

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英文when和while有何区别,since、for、as、because使用上的区别
英文when和while有何区别,since、for、as、because使用上的区别
while和when 用“当...时”解释时(此时while看作从属连词),归根究底就是以下的区别:
1)两个动作同时进行最好用while,也可以用when;先后进行只用when
Work while you work, play while you play. (同时发生)
工作的时候就工作,玩的时候就玩.
I was doing my homework when my mother came back home. (先后发生)
我妈回家的时候我正在写作业.
2)when从句可用终止性动词和延续性动词,而while从句只用延续性动词
(若主句为进行时态,when引导的从句一般用一般时态,while引导的从句用进行时态)
They were singing while we were dancing. 他们在唱歌时我们在跳舞.
It was raining when we arrived. 我们到的时候天在下雨.(arrive 意为“到达”,为终止性动词)
另外,when可用于疑问句,定语从句的关系副词,宾语从句的引导词,而while不能
I don't know when he will go back.(宾语从句)
The days when we used foreign oil are gone. (when此时为定语从句的关系副词)
我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了
while做从属连词还有“虽然”的意思;做并列连词时,意为“而”(表转折)
While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状.
I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶,而她喜欢喝咖啡.
while的常见词组:
a great while ago 很久以前
a little while ago 不久之前
all the while 一直
for a while,in a while,take a while
when的常见句型:was doing …… when did ……
was about to do …… when did ……
hardly when ……
had hardly …… when ……
since,for,as,because 用“因为”解释时,有一下区别:
1)for
1.because, since, as 为从属连词,for为并列连词或介词,且for不放句首(除For what?“为啥?”之外)
2.for sth (因为某事)相当于because of、on account of、
2.for+并列句时,用来附带解释前一句的情况,有附带推理的语气
It must have rained, for the ground is wet.天一定下过雨,因为地面是湿的.(外国权威例句)
试比较:The ground is wet because it has rained. 此句知道下雨的原因,而上句是推理出地面湿的原因.
2)since 由于,既然(多数可译为“既然”)
1.译为“由于”时,不放句首时可用because、as代替
2.译为“既然”时,只用since,相当于now that
Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food. 由于我没钱,所以我不能买食物.
Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧.
3)because
1.针对情况解释原因(非推理所得的原因),有明显的因果关系
2.从句不放句首
3.能用于强调句,since as for不能
It is because John is honest and diligent that he is popular with his friends.
正是因为约翰的诚实勤奋使得他受到朋友们的欢迎.
4)as 可译为“由于”
1.非正式用法,一般与since,because没啥区别,可互换
2.若从句的主语为 it 时,只用as
As it was already rahter dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night.
由于天气已经相当晚了,我们决定在庙里待一夜.
as用法广泛,例如可做非限制性定语从句的引导词等,也有“当...的时候”的意思,相当于when;还有“随着.”,“正如.”,“虽然.”,“作为”等意思,这些意思不是表示因果关系,楼主做题时请区别对待
综上,因果关系明显的情况最好还是用because;“既然”只用since;表对推测附带解释的情况只用for;因果关系不明显的可用since,as,because.
ps:网上说语气关系because>since>as>for,这个说法很不靠谱,因为所以科学道理,要是外国人说一下“因为所以”还要分四种情况,那他们可真是活神仙啊.
(原创编辑:Wu Thousand)